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Updated: Jul 3, 2026

An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis

Published on: February 8, 2019

Plasma proteome differences between giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica: a pilot study.

S Seidlberger¹, S Castañeda^2,3, G Wietzorrek¹

¹Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

Arthritis Research & Therapy

|July 2, 2026

Summary

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Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...

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Increased expression of Toll-like receptors and associated alarmins in temporal arteries of patients with giant cell arteritis.

Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)·2025

This study identified unique plasma proteomic signatures for polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and giant cell arteritis (GCA) patients. These findings may aid in classifying these vasculitis diseases and monitoring disease activity.

Area of Science:

Proteomics
Immunology
Rheumatology

Background:

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a prevalent vasculitis in the elderly, with visual loss as a severe complication.
Current diagnostic methods include imaging and temporal artery biopsy (TAB), but new laboratory tests are needed for disease assessment.
Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is a related inflammatory condition.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize distinct proteomic signatures for classifying PMR and GCA.
To identify specific markers for disease activity in PMR and GCA.
To find markers that differentiate between PMR and GCA.

Main Methods:

Plasma samples from 15 PMR and 13 GCA patients were analyzed using mass spectrometry.
An UltiMate 3000 nano-HPLC system coupled to an Orbitrap Eclipse mass spectrometer was employed.

Keywords:

Biomarker Giant cell arteritis Mass spectrometry Polymyalgia rheumatica

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis

Published on: February 8, 2019

Immunofluorescence analyses of TABs confirmed elevated S100A12 expression.

Main Results:

50 protein signatures were characteristic of active GCA, and 83 were altered only in active PMR.
Only 13 proteins showed altered expression in both groups, indicating distinct signatures.
GCA signatures involved mitochondrial activity and clotting cascade; PMR signatures involved erythrocyte integrity, muscle contraction, and glucocorticoid resistance. S100A12 was elevated in plasma and TABs for both.

Conclusions:

Active PMR and GCA share a small plasma proteome signature related to immune activation.
Active PMR is characterized by distinct erythrocyte and muscle contraction proteome changes.
Active GCA is driven by mitochondrial and clotting cascade alterations, suggesting distinct pathophysiological pathways.