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Hybrid-regime Doppler Lidar for atmospheric wind profiling: development and performance assessment
Optics Express
|July 2, 2026
Summary
A new hybrid Doppler wind Lidar (HDWL) combines coherent and direct detection for improved wind measurement. A novel data fusion method enhances accuracy, significantly reducing errors in wind speed and direction. This technology offers more reliable atmospheric data.
Area of Science:
- Atmospheric Science
- Remote Sensing Technology
- Meteorological Instrumentation
Background:
- Coherent Doppler Wind Lidar (CDWL) and Direct Detection Doppler Wind Lidar (DDWL) have complementary strengths and weaknesses.
- A hybrid approach can leverage the advantages of both CDWL and DDWL for comprehensive wind profiling.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate a Hybrid Doppler Wind Lidar (HDWL) named WindMast Trop 15K.
- To propose and validate a Real-Time Fitting Prediction (RTFP) data fusion method for the HDWL.
Main Methods:
- Long-term synchronous observation experiments were conducted at Beijing Nanjiao Meteorological Observatory.
- The HDWL's performance was evaluated against radiosonde measurements.
- Three measurement cases demonstrated the efficacy of the RTFP data fusion method.
Main Results:
- The HDWL's coherent detection module showed high consistency with radiosonde data (R² of 0.969 for wind speed, 0.993 for wind direction).
- The direct detection module's accuracy varied with altitude, with improved performance above 2 km.
- Data fusion using RTFP significantly improved wind speed and direction accuracy, reducing RMSE by up to 43.2% and 16.6% respectively.
Conclusions:
- The developed HDWL effectively integrates coherent and direct detection schemes.
- The RTFP data fusion method enhances the accuracy and reliability of wind measurements from the HDWL.
- The study validates the HDWL and RTFP method for advanced atmospheric wind profiling.
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