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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
Pharmacovigilance01:19

Pharmacovigilance

Post-marketing surveillance is a critical component of pharmaceutical regulation, often uncovering unanticipated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) once a drug is widely used over an extended period.
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Drug Toxicity: Risk factors01:24

Drug Toxicity: Risk factors

Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are potential complications that arise during pharmacotherapy, influenced by multiple risk factors. Age plays a significant role; both neonates and the elderly are at heightened risk due to their respective immature and diminished metabolic and elimination processes. Gender also impacts ADRs, with females experiencing a 1.5 to 1.7-fold greater risk than males, which may be linked to pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and hormonal differences. Notably, neonates, the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice
07:49

Measuring Local Anaphylaxis in Mice

Published on: October 14, 2014

Differences in Reported Anaphylaxis Associated With Common Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs: A Pharmacovigilance

Suwei Liu, Haoyang Yu, Yuxin Wu

    International Archives of Allergy and Immunology
    |July 2, 2026
    PubMed
    Summary

    Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) consistently signal anaphylaxis in adverse event reports. However, reporting patterns and severe outcomes vary significantly among specific NSAIDs like ibuprofen and diclofenac.

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    10:22

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    Published on: September 16, 2011

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    07:22

    Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

    Published on: May 31, 2021

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacovigilance and Drug Safety
    • Clinical Immunology
    • Real-World Evidence Studies

    Background:

    • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a frequent cause of hypersensitivity reactions.
    • Limited real-world data exists comparing specific NSAIDs regarding anaphylaxis reporting.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze anaphylaxis reporting patterns and disproportionality signals for five NSAIDs in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).
    • To compare severe outcomes and indication contexts for NSAID-associated anaphylaxis.

    Main Methods:

    • Cross-sectional pharmacovigilance study of FAERS data (2015Q1-2025Q2).
    • Analysis of anaphylaxis reports for ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen, celecoxib, and meloxicam.
    • Disproportionality assessment using multiple statistical methods.

    Main Results:

    • All five NSAIDs exhibited disproportionality signals for anaphylaxis.
    • Anaphylaxis reporting proportions varied (1.18%-2.09%), with ibuprofen and diclofenac having higher rates.
    • Demographic and geographic reporting patterns differed, and severe outcomes varied across NSAIDs.

    Conclusions:

    • NSAIDs demonstrate consistent disproportionality for anaphylaxis in FAERS.
    • Significant heterogeneity exists in reporting patterns and outcomes among individual NSAIDs, necessitating further investigation.