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Machines

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A Modified Lean and Release Technique to Emphasize Response Inhibition and Action Selection in Reactive Balance

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Compatibility Effects With Simple Lever Tools: A Replication and Extension Beyond Simple Button Responses.

Valentin Koob¹, Markus Janczyk¹

¹University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.

|July 2, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We found that aligning response-effect (RE), stimulus-response (SR), and stimulus-effect (SE) compatibilities improves performance in tool use. However, mismatches under incompatible RE conditions can reverse these effects depending on the input device.

Keywords:

action effects laparoscopic surgery response–effect compatibility stimulus–effect compatibility stimulus–response compatibility

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Human-Computer Interaction
Motor Control

Background:

The ideomotor principle suggests motor actions are planned by anticipating their sensory effects.
Tool use, especially with inverted mappings, presents unique challenges for action selection.
Understanding compatibility interactions is crucial for effective human-tool interface design.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the joint influence of response-effect (RE), stimulus-response (SR), and stimulus-effect (SE) compatibility on lever tool use performance.
To test the generalizability of previous compatibility findings across different input modalities.

Main Methods:

Orthogonal manipulation of RE, SR, and SE compatibility, building on Müsseler and Skottke (2011).
Four experiments utilized button presses, continuous sliders, and touchless gestures as input modalities.
Lever rotation was manipulated as discrete or continuous.

Main Results:

The interaction between SR and SE compatibility was dependent on the RE compatibility condition.
Performance improved when SR and SE compatibilities aligned under RE compatible conditions.
Under RE incompatible conditions, the SR × SE interaction disappeared with button presses or reversed with continuous responses.

Conclusions:

Compatibility interactions are dynamic and depend on the specific compatibility relations and input device used.
Findings highlight the importance of considering RE compatibility when designing interfaces to optimize performance.
Mismatched compatibility mappings can significantly alter or reverse expected performance benefits.