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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Cerebellum: Anatomical Regions01:17

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The cerebellum, also known as the "little brain," is located in the posterior cranial fossa, inferior to the tentorium cerebelli and dorsal to the brainstem. It plays a significant role in motor control, coordination, and proprioception.
Cerebellar Structure
Externally, the cerebellum features a highly convoluted surface with numerous folia (narrow ridges) separated by shallow sulci (grooves). The cerebellum is divided into two hemispheres by a thin median structure known as the vermis. The...
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Major Somatic Sensory Pathways

Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the posterior columns...

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Neuroanatomical Cerebellar Patterns in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Aslı Beril Karakaş1, Yalçın Akbulut2

  • 1Department of Anatomy, Kastamonu University Faculty of Medicine, Kastamonu, Türkiye.

The Eurasian Journal of Medicine
|July 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show enlarged cerebellums with altered thickness in specific regions. These neuroanatomical differences in the cerebellum vary between males and females with ASD.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
  • Cerebellar Anatomy

Background:

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition.
  • Cerebellar structural differences are implicated in ASD.
  • Investigating sex-based anatomical patterns in ASD is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cerebellar volumetric and cortical-thickness differences in adults with ASD.
  • To explore sex-based anatomical patterns in the cerebellum of individuals with ASD.
  • To assess the utility of automated cerebellar segmentation techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized T1-weighted MRI scans from 100 participants (48 ASD, 52 controls) from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange.
  • Employed the CERES module of volBrain for automated lobule-specific cerebellar volume and thickness measurements.
  • Conducted sex-stratified group comparisons using non-parametric statistical tests.

Main Results:

  • Adults with ASD exhibited global cerebellar enlargement and lobule-specific reductions in volume and pseudo-cortical thickness (PCT).
  • Altered PCT was most prominent in anterior sensorimotor and posterior cognitive cerebellar regions.
  • Observed reversed asymmetry patterns in several lobules and exploratory sex-based differential morphometric patterns in ASD.

Conclusions:

  • Distinct cerebellar morphometric alterations are present in adults with ASD.
  • Automated cerebellar segmentation is valuable for region-specific anatomical characterization in ASD.
  • Findings highlight group-level neuroanatomical differences in the cerebellum, warranting cautious interpretation for clinical implications.