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Related Concept Videos

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides02:26

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
Sulfur Assimilation01:20

Sulfur Assimilation

Sulfur is an essential element in biological systems, contributing to synthesizing key biomolecules, including amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, and cofactors such as coenzyme A and biotin. Microorganisms primarily assimilate sulfur as sulfate (SO₄²⁻) from the environment, which must undergo a series of biochemical transformations before it can be incorporated into cellular components. As sulfate is highly oxidized, it must undergo assimilatory sulfate reduction to become...
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Microbial Corrosion

Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC) is a significant form of material degradation caused by the metabolic activities of microorganisms. This phenomenon poses substantial challenges across various industries, including oil and gas, maritime, and water treatment sectors.MIC occurs when microorganisms, such as bacteria, archaea, and fungi, colonize metal surfaces, forming biofilms that alter the local electrochemical environment. These biofilms can lead to the production of corrosive...
Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides02:17

Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides

Thiols and sulfides are sulfur analogs of alcohols and ethers, respectively, where the sulfur atom takes the place of the oxygen atom. Thus, thiols are generally represented as RSH, where R is an alkyl substituent and —SH is the functional group. On the other hand, in sulfides, the central sulfur atom is bonded to two hydrocarbon groups on either side. Depending upon the type of group, sulfides can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical. Both thiols and sulfides display a bent geometry, similar...
Microbes and the Sulfur Cycle01:29

Microbes and the Sulfur Cycle

Sulfur is a vital element in Earth's biogeochemical systems. It transitions through various inorganic states, including sulfate (SO₄²⁻), elemental sulfur (S⁰), and sulfide (S²⁻). Abiotic and biological mechanisms across oxic and anoxic environments intricately mediate these transformations. Sulfate, the most oxidized form of sulfur, is predominantly stored in rocks, marine sediments, and oceanic waters, acting as a long-term reservoir in the global sulfur cycle.In oxic environments,...
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Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Sulfonation of Benzene

Sulfonation of benzene is a reaction wherein benzene is treated with fuming sulfuric acid at room temperature to produce benzenesulfonic acid. Fuming sulfuric acid is a mixture of sulfur trioxide and concentrated sulfuric acid.

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Preparation of Large-area Vertical 2D Crystal Hetero-structures Through the Sulfurization of Transition Metal Films for Device Fabrication
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Published on: November 28, 2017

Sulphur-affected microstructural evolution mechanism of WS2.

Cong Lu1, Lun Tan1,2, Liwei Cao1

  • 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China. liwei88@bjut.edu.cn.

Nanoscale
|July 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered two distinct growth mechanisms for two-dimensional tungsten disulfide (2D WS₂) nanostructures. Understanding these conversion pathways for in-plane and out-of-plane WS₂ is key for advanced electronic device fabrication.

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Preparation of Liquid-exfoliated Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Nanosheets with Controlled Size and Thickness: A State of the Art Protocol

Published on: December 20, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Solid State Chemistry

Background:

  • Two-dimensional tungsten disulfide (2D WS₂) exhibits exceptional properties, making it vital for optoelectronics and field-effect transistors.
  • Precise control over WS₂ nanostructure growth is essential for optimizing device performance.
  • Limited understanding exists regarding the structural evolution of out-of-plane layered WS₂.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the distinct growth mechanisms of in-plane and out-of-plane layered 2D WS₂.
  • To investigate the influence of precursor materials and sulfur concentration on WS₂ nanophase evolution.
  • To provide insights into the controlled synthesis of low-dimensional WS₂ materials.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a custom-built chemical vapor deposition (CVD) system.
  • Systematically varied precursor materials (WO₂.₇ and WO₃) and sulfur concentrations.
  • Analyzed the structural evolution of WS₂ nanophases under different conditions.

Main Results:

  • Identified two distinct conversion growth mechanisms: an 'outside-in' mechanism for out-of-plane WS₂ from WO₂.₇ nanowires, and a 'self-seeding' mechanism for in-plane WS₂ from WO₃.
  • Out-of-plane 1D and 2D WS₂ form via layer-by-layer sulfurization.
  • In-plane WS₂ evolves from a WO₃ precursor through a WO₃₋ₓ-WS₂ core-shell intermediate.

Conclusions:

  • Clarified the growth processes for both in-plane and out-of-plane 2D WS₂.
  • Provided fundamental insights into the formation mechanisms of low-dimensional WS₂.
  • Findings facilitate the synthesis of high-quality, large-scale 2D WS₂ and guide the growth of other transition-metal dichalcogenides.