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Updated: Jul 3, 2026

An Alternative and Validated Injection Method for Accessing the Subretinal Space via a Transcleral Posterior Approach

An Alternative and Validated Injection Method for Accessing the Subretinal Space via a Transcleral Posterior Approach

Published on: December 7, 2016

Acute Paracentral Scotoma Following Cosmetic Penile Filler Injection.

Samuel Y Lee¹, A Itzam Marin¹, Alessandro Feo¹

¹Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Retinal Cases & Brief Reports

|July 2, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

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Cosmetic penile filler injections can cause vision loss due to artery occlusion. Embolization through a patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a likely cause of this rare complication, leading to macular ischemia.

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Vascular Medicine
Cosmetic Procedures

Background:

Cosmetic filler injections are increasingly popular.
Vascular complications, though rare, can be severe.
Retinal artery occlusion is a potential risk.

Purpose of the Study:

To report a case of macular ischemia after penile filler injection.
To investigate the mechanism of retinal artery occlusion.
To highlight the role of patent foramen ovale (PFO) in embolization.

Main Methods:

Multimodal retinal imaging: fundus photography, OCT, OCTA, FA.
Systemic evaluation including echocardiography and MRI.
Diagnostic workup for infectious, inflammatory, and hypercoagulable conditions.

Keywords:

BRAO PFO branch retinal artery occlusion cosmetic filler injection patent foramen ovale

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

An Alternative and Validated Injection Method for Accessing the Subretinal Space via a Transcleral Posterior Approach

An Alternative and Validated Injection Method for Accessing the Subretinal Space via a Transcleral Posterior Approach

Published on: December 7, 2016

Main Results:

A 33-year-old male developed vision loss post-penile filler injection.
Findings consistent with branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) and paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM).
Patent foramen ovale (PFO) identified as a potential route for embolization.

Conclusions:

Distal cosmetic filler embolization can cause occlusive vascular maculopathy.
Patent foramen ovale (PFO) may facilitate paradoxical embolization.
Patients should be informed of potential arterial occlusive risks from cosmetic procedures.