Inflammasomes in digestive diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic potential

Inflammasomes are key multiprotein complexes in the innate immune system, playing crucial role in maintaining immune homeostasis and responding to pathogen invasion. Recent researches have increasingly unveiled the intricate and pivotal role of inflammasomes in the onset and progression of digestive diseases. This article provides a comprehensive review of the biological basis of inflammasomes, conducts an in-depth analysis of their relationship with the pathophysiological characteristics of digestive diseases, and elucidates the dual-edged nature of inflammasomes in modulating disease progression, tissue damage, and repair. We specifically highlight their activation processes, signaling pathways, and roles in the pathogenesis and pathological processes of common digestive disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), gastritis, liver disease, and pancreatitis. Additionally, the article provides a detailed discussion of therapeutic strategies targeting inflammasomes and their potential clinical applications. In summary, targeting inflammasomes provides a new perspective and potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of digestive diseases.