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Bond Length as a Unified Descriptor for Stable Iodine Battery.

Mengzi Geng^1,2,3, Yanyan Wang¹, Fanbin Zeng¹

¹Department of Applied Physics and Research Institute for Advanced Manufacturing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)

|July 2, 2026

Summary

Researchers developed a new method to predict iodine electrode stability in rechargeable batteries. This breakthrough enables the design of more stable batteries, significantly extending their lifespan and performance.

Keywords:

Li−iodine batteries bond length cathode design electrolyte formulation ligand

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Published on: April 17, 2018

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Chemical Engineering

Background:

Active material dissolution and shuttling in electrolytes are key challenges for stable rechargeable batteries, especially with high-solubility cathodes like iodine.
Quantifying the interaction strength between iodine and host electrodes/electrolytes is crucial for electrochemical stability but lacks a suitable parameter.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a unified descriptor for predicting iodine electrode stability.
To demonstrate the descriptor's utility in designing stable electrodes and electrolytes for rechargeable batteries.

Main Methods:

Investigated iodine's interaction strength as a Lewis acid, influenced by ligand nucleophilicity.
Proposed and validated the I-I bond length, measurable via Raman spectroscopy, as a descriptor for iodine electrode stability.
Applied the descriptor to design host electrodes and screen electrolyte solvents.

Main Results:

The I-I bond length effectively predicts iodine electrode stability.
Rational electrode design enhanced iodine-host binding.
Optimized electrolytes minimized active material shuttling.
Achieved stable cycling of lithium-iodine (Li-I2) batteries at 0.1 C for over 4000 hours.

Conclusions:

The I-I bond length serves as a unified descriptor for iodine electrode stability.
This descriptor accelerates the design of advanced electrodes and electrolytes.
Overcoming active material dissolution is key to high-performance rechargeable batteries.