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Related Concept Videos

Chambers of the Heart01:16

Chambers of the Heart

The human heart is a complex organ made up of four chambers: the right and left atria and the right and left ventricles. These internal chambers are separated by partitions known as the interatrial and interventricular septa. The exterior of the heart features a groove known as the coronary sulcus that demarcates the atria from the ventricles, while the anterior and posterior interventricular sulci distinguish between the two ventricles.
Deoxygenated blood from the body is received in the right...
Coronary Circulation01:21

Coronary Circulation

The heart, an organ critical to survival, gets nourishment not from the blood it pumps but from a separate circulation system known as coronary circulation. This is the shortest circulation in the body and is responsible for supplying the heart with the nutrients it needs to function effectively.
Coronary circulation begins at the base of the aorta, where two main arteries arise—the left and right coronary arteries. These arteries encircle the heart in the coronary sulcus and supply the...
Anatomy of the Brain: Ventricles01:18

Anatomy of the Brain: Ventricles

There are hollow fluid-filled cavities known as ventricles deep inside the human brain. There are two lateral ventricles, one in each cerebral hemisphere, and each has three different projections — the anterior, inferior, and posterior horns visible from the lateral side. A thin membrane called the septum pellucidum separates the two lateral ventricles. The slender third ventricle in the diencephalon is connected to each lateral ventricle via a channel called the interventricular foramen. The...
Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization01:21

Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization

Right Heart Catheterization: An OverviewRight heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure that measures right-sided cardiac and pulmonary artery pressures, calculates cardiac output, and identifies intracardiac shunts. It provides detailed hemodynamic data essential for diagnosing and managing various cardiovascular conditions, such as pulmonary hypertension.Access SitesCommon access sites for right heart catheterization include the internal jugular vein in the neck region, the...
Anatomy of the Heart01:27

Anatomy of the Heart

The human heart is made up of three layers of tissue that are surrounded by the pericardium, a membrane that protects and confines the heart. The outermost layer, closest to the pericardium, is the epicardium. The pericardial cavity separates the pericardium from the epicardium. Beneath the epicardium is the myocardium, the middle layer, and the endocardium, the innermost layer. There are four chambers of the heart: the right atrium, the right ventricle, the left atrium, and the left ventricle.
Anatomy of the Heart01:20

Anatomy of the Heart

The heart is a hollow, muscular organ approximately the size of a fist, consisting of four chambers. It is enclosed in the pericardium, a fibrous sac with two layers: the visceral and parietal pericardium, separated by a fluid-filled space containing serous fluid to reduce friction.
The heart has three layers: the innermost endocardium, the muscular myocardium, and the outer epicardium, all working together for optimal cardiac function.
Chambers of the Heart
The heart is made up of four...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Morphological and Functional Assessment of the Right Ventricle Using 3D Echocardiography
07:11

Morphological and Functional Assessment of the Right Ventricle Using 3D Echocardiography

Published on: October 28, 2020

A Shadow in the Right Ventricle.

Liang-Zhu Lin1, Fang-Yu Lin1, Chi-Wei Chen2

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

The Journal of Emergency Medicine
|July 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intracardiac cement embolism (ICE) is a rare complication after percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP). Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) can rapidly diagnose ICE, differentiating it from pulmonary embolism (PE) for timely intervention.

Keywords:
cement embolismechocardiographypercutaneous vertebroplastypoint-of-care ultrasoundpulmonary embolism

More Related Videos

Assessment of Right Ventricular Structure and Function in Mouse Model of Pulmonary Artery Constriction by Transthoracic Echocardiography
10:33

Assessment of Right Ventricular Structure and Function in Mouse Model of Pulmonary Artery Constriction by Transthoracic Echocardiography

Published on: February 3, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Morphological and Functional Assessment of the Right Ventricle Using 3D Echocardiography
07:11

Morphological and Functional Assessment of the Right Ventricle Using 3D Echocardiography

Published on: October 28, 2020

Assessment of Right Ventricular Structure and Function in Mouse Model of Pulmonary Artery Constriction by Transthoracic Echocardiography
10:33

Assessment of Right Ventricular Structure and Function in Mouse Model of Pulmonary Artery Constriction by Transthoracic Echocardiography

Published on: February 3, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Cardiology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Intracardiac cement embolism (ICE) is a rare, life-threatening complication of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP).
  • ICE often presents similarly to pulmonary embolism (PE), leading to potential misdiagnosis.
  • Elevated D-dimer levels can further complicate the diagnostic process.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of considering ICE in patients with cardiopulmonary symptoms post-PVP.
  • To emphasize the diagnostic utility of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in identifying ICE.
  • To differentiate ICE from thrombotic PE and guide appropriate management.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 65-year-old woman presenting with chest tightness and dyspnea 15 days after multilevel PVP.
  • Initial evaluation included D-dimer and point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS).
  • Chest CT confirmed bone cement embolism; surgical embolectomy was performed.

Main Results:

  • POCUS identified a linear hyperechoic structure in the right ventricle, characteristic of bone cement.
  • Chest CT confirmed bone cement embolism.
  • The patient underwent successful surgical embolectomy and recovered without complications.

Conclusions:

  • POCUS is a crucial bedside tool for rapid identification of mineralized foreign bodies like bone cement.
  • Prompt diagnosis of ICE facilitates appropriate management, distinguishing it from thrombotic PE.
  • ICE requires consideration of surgical or endovascular retrieval over anticoagulation alone.