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Advanced Diffusion Imaging in The Hippocampus of Rats with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
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Exploring the link between intravoxel incoherent motion measured brain diffusivity during wakefulness and sleep

Lena Meinhold1, Misha P T Kaandorp1, Ziyao Shang2

  • 1Center for MR Research, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Neuroimage
|July 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Better sleep quality and increased physical activity in healthy older adults were associated with lower Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) fD* values. These findings suggest a link between microvascular function, sleep, and activity levels.

Keywords:
Glymphatic systemIntravoxel incoherent motionMagnetic resonance imagingNeurofluidsSleep

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Gerontology
  • Sleep Science

Background:

  • Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) is a diffusion-weighted MRI technique measuring tissue diffusivity (D) and microvascular perfusion (D*, f).
  • Understanding the relationship between brain microcirculation, sleep, and physical activity in aging is crucial for cognitive health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between IVIM parameters and sleep macrostructure in healthy elderly individuals.
  • To explore the correlation between IVIM metrics and physical activity levels in the same cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Observational study involving 19 healthy elderly participants (mean age 72.2±5.0).
  • Two MRI sessions using a GE 3T Premier scanner to acquire IVIM data.
  • Sleep macrostructure assessed via portable EEG (10-14 nights); physical activity monitored with actigraphy.
  • IVIM parameters (D, D*, f, fD*) calculated using non-linear least-squares and a deep learning transformer-based estimator.

Main Results:

  • Higher physical activity and better EEG-derived sleep quality were predominantly associated with lower estimated IVIM fD* values.
  • These associations were observed across seven regions of interest.
  • Sensitivity analyses including physical activity supported the primary findings.

Conclusions:

  • Lower IVIM fD* values in healthy older adults may be linked to improved sleep quality and higher physical activity.
  • Findings suggest potential alterations in microvascular perfusion or cerebrospinal fluid dynamics related to sleep and activity.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms connecting IVIM metrics, sleep quality, and brain health.