[Application of omics in quality evaluation and pharmacological mechanism of Pinellia ternata]

As an important component of systems biology, omics technologies, with their advantages of high-throughput and holistic analysis, are profoundly transforming the research model of TCM. Pinellia ternata, a commonly used TCM with the effects of drying dampness and resolving phlegm, directing rebellious Qi downward to stop vomiting, and relieving stuffiness and dissipating binds, presents major challenges in quality control and in the elucidation of its complex pharmacological mechanisms. This article systematically reviews the application progress of omics technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics in the study of P. ternata's quality evaluation(covering factors such as cultivation environment, germplasm resources, and processing) and pharmacological mechanisms(including antiemetic effects, phlegm resolution and asthma relief, treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, and antitumor activities). By sorting through existing research findings, it summarizes the great potential of omics technologies in revealing the pharmacodynamic material basis, quality formation mechanisms, and multi-target action networks of P. ternata, and further looks ahead to future research directions such as multi-omics integration, data mining, and artificial intelligence, with a view to providing systematic theoretical and methodological references for the modernization and internationalization of P. ternata research.