[Research progress on treatment of ulcerative colitis with active ingredients of Angelicae Sinensis Radix]

Ulcerative colitis(UC) is a complex chronic inflammatory disease. It is characterized by a prolonged and persistent clinical course, accompanied by a rising tendency in the risk of colorectal cancer. The incidence of UC continues to rise, with a complex etiology and a lack of effective therapeutic agents. TCM has unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of UC, due to its multi-target regulation properties, multi-pathway action, mild side effects, and diverse pharmacological activities. Angelicae Sinensis Radix(AS) contains various active components, including angelica polysaccharides, volatile oils, and organic acids. These components can alleviate UC by a multi-target regulation mechanism, including the inhibition of NF-κB, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, the reduction of the expression of inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-1β, the enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activity, and the up-regulation of tight junction proteins such as ZO-1 and Occludin. Such multi-pathway synergistic effects fully highlight the preventive and therapeutic advantages of TCM, demonstrating the potential application value of AS in the treatment of intestinal diseases. This review systematically elucidated the multidimensional anti-UC mechanisms of the core active ingredients of AS and discussed the translational value of colon-targeted delivery systems, providing effective evidence for clinical precision medication.