Environmental justice seeks to address a range of recurring issues, such as disproportionate exposure to environmental risks and the resulting adverse health effects. In Latin America, regional cooperation in the field of environmental justice has developed with a focus on access to judicial remedies. In the era of rights, procedures and governance mechanisms constitute a central and strategic field that has been the focus of a great deal of innovation and challenge, leading some authors to view this continent as a laboratory capable of influencing the law. The Escazú Agreement (2020), which establishes procedural rights, particularly for the benefit of indigenous peoples, holds great potential for making international environmental law more effective.