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Related Concept Videos

Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management01:22

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management

Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned under...
Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis01:26

Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis

Thoracentesis(Thoracocentesis), commonly known as pleural tap, is a medical procedure where a 22 gauge needle is inserted into the pleural space, the area between the lung and chest wall. This procedure is commonly performed to diagnose or treat various respiratory disorders.
Description
Excess pleural fluid or air may accumulate in some respiratory disorders in the thoracic cavity. To treat pleural effusion, a physician conducts thoracentesis by carefully piercing the chest wall and entering...
Flail Chest-II01:26

Flail Chest-II

Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Three-Dimensional Reconstruction for the Whole Lung with Early Multiple Pulmonary Nodules
07:53

Three-Dimensional Reconstruction for the Whole Lung with Early Multiple Pulmonary Nodules

Published on: October 13, 2023

Artificial intelligence as a second reader for pneumothorax detection: redirecting rather than reducing chest CT use.

Muhammed Fatih Cırıl1, Ferhat Yıldız2, Mustafa Akarca2

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Mardin Training and Research Hospital, Artuklu, Mardin, Türkiye. fthcrl@gmail.com.

BMC Emergency Medicine
|July 3, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Artificial intelligence (AI) interpretation of chest radiographs increased emergency physicians' simulated computed tomography (CT) ordering intent for pneumothorax. The AI alert primarily aided in identifying subtle pneumothorax cases, acting as a valuable second reader.

Keywords:
Artificial intelligenceChest radiographyClinical decision-makingComputed tomographyDeep learningDiagnostic imagingEmergency departmentPneumothorax

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Three-Dimensional Reconstruction for the Whole Lung with Early Multiple Pulmonary Nodules
07:53

Three-Dimensional Reconstruction for the Whole Lung with Early Multiple Pulmonary Nodules

Published on: October 13, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Pneumothorax is often missed on initial chest radiographs in emergency departments, potentially leading to critical tension pneumothorax.
  • Artificial intelligence (AI) shows promise in improving diagnostic accuracy but its impact on physician decision-making, specifically CT ordering, needs further study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of AI-assisted chest radiograph interpretation on emergency physicians' diagnostic decisions for pneumothorax.
  • To assess how AI alerts influence chest CT ordering behavior, particularly in capturing initially missed diagnoses.

Main Methods:

  • A nationwide, online, cross-sectional simulation study involving 231 physicians interpreting standardized chest radiographs.
  • Physicians reviewed images with and without AI annotations, indicating their intent to order a chest CT.
  • Analysis focused on the change in simulated CT-ordering intent pre- and post-AI exposure using exact McNemar tests.

Main Results:

  • Simulated CT-ordering intent significantly increased from 8.1% to 26.7% after AI exposure (p < 0.001).
  • The increase was most pronounced in pneumothorax-positive cases (+31.6%) and subtle pneumothorax cases (capture rate rose from 54.8% to 85.0%).
  • AI alerts converted 62.2% of initially 'no pneumothorax' diagnoses to a CT order in subtle cases.

Conclusions:

  • AI-assisted interpretation increased simulated CT ordering, particularly for true positive pneumothorax cases.
  • The AI system demonstrated value in capturing initially missed pneumothorax diagnoses, functioning effectively as a second reader.
  • Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings with real-world CT ordering data.