PDLSC-CM targets HAPLN1 in macrophages to reduce root resorption in delayed replanted teeth
Lu Jia1,2,3, Zengbo Zhao2,3, Ying Zhang1
1Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, 361 Eastern Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Stem Cell Research & Therapy
|July 3, 2026
Summary
Periodontal ligament stem cell-conditioned medium (PDLSC-CM) effectively reduces root resorption in delayed tooth replantation. This therapy targets HAPLN1 reduction in macrophages, offering a promising solution for avulsed teeth in adolescents.
Area of Science:
- Dental Traumatology
- Regenerative Dentistry
- Stem Cell Biology
Background:
- Tooth avulsion is a severe dental trauma, particularly in adolescents, with delayed replantation often leading to root resorption.
- Current strategies to mitigate root resorption are limited, especially since dental implants are not suitable for this age group.
- Periodontal ligament stem cell-conditioned medium (PDLSC-CM) is explored as a therapeutic agent to reduce root resorption in delayed replanted teeth.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the therapeutic effect of PDLSC-CM in reducing root resorption after delayed tooth replantation.
- To identify the potential molecular targets of PDLSC-CM involved in mitigating root resorption.
- To assess the clinical potential of PDLSC-CM as a preservation medium for avulsed teeth.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of clinical samples and establishment of a rat model for delayed tooth replantation.
- Application of PDLSC-CM as a tooth preservative and irrigating solution.
- Assessment of root resorption using micro-CT and histopathology, with proteomic screening, Western blot, immunofluorescence, and rAAV for molecular validation.
Main Results:
- Delayed replantation in humans and rats showed significant root resorption, inflammation, and osteoclast-related factors.
- PDLSC-CM treatment reduced root resorption and inhibited inflammatory and osteoclast-related factors in the rat model.
- PDLSC-CM downregulated HAPLN1 expression in macrophages, inhibiting inflammation and osteoclastogenesis; HAPLN1 overexpression negated this protective effect.
Conclusions:
- HAPLN1 reduction in macrophages is crucial for PDLSC-CM's efficacy in preventing root resorption.
- PDLSC-CM shows promise as a preservation medium for avulsed teeth with potential clinical applications.
- Targeting HAPLN1 presents a favorable prospect for developing new therapeutic drugs for delayed tooth replantation complications.