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First Difference Correlation Analysis to Examine Inter-Provincial and Cross-Professional Nursing Mobility in Canada
Philip Eappen1, Dimitrios Zikos2, Ryan N Schmidt2
1Cape Breton University, Canada.
Studies in Health Technology and Informatics
|July 3, 2026
Summary
Canadian nursing workforce is shifting, with potential financial links between provinces. Some provinces may replace Registered Nurses with Licensed Practical Nurses, indicating a need for national standards.
Area of Science:
- Health Services Research
- Nursing Workforce Dynamics
- Canadian Healthcare Policy
Background:
- The Canadian health system faces nursing workforce challenges due to compensation, evolving practice scopes, and retention issues.
- Understanding workforce mobility and professional shifts is crucial for healthcare planning.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine nursing workforce mobility and professional case-mix shifts across Nurse Practitioners, Registered Nurses, and Licensed Practical Nurses in Canada from 2015-2024.
- To identify inter-provincial and intra-provincial patterns influencing nursing distribution and professional roles.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of nurses per 10,000 population across Canadian provinces.
- Application of Ordinary Least Squares regression and year-over-year correlation.
- Examination of cross-profession mobility and inter-provincial distribution patterns.
Main Results:
- Identified inversely correlated trends between Alberta/New Brunswick and British Columbia/Quebec/Maritimes, suggesting potential financial subsidization.
- Observed intra-province substitution, with some provinces expanding Licensed Practical Nurses to offset Registered Nurse losses.
- Cross-profession mobility analysis indicated potential professional shifts influencing distribution.
Conclusions:
- Findings suggest complex inter-provincial dynamics and intra-province role substitution within the nursing workforce.
- Harmonized pan-Canadian licensure and compensation frameworks are essential for stabilizing the nursing workforce.
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