[Research progress on the metabolic regulatory mechanisms of coronary collateral circulation]
Lingping Zhu1,2,3, Yongping Bai4,5,6
1Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008. zhulingping@csu.edu.cn.
Insights
Coronary collateral circulation (CCC) development is influenced by cellular metabolism and immune cells. Metabolic interventions may improve collateral vessel formation in heart disease.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Biology
- Metabolic Research
- Vascular Biology
Background:
- Coronary collateral circulation (CCC) protects the heart during ischemia.
- Metabolic status significantly impacts individual capacity for collateral growth.
- Endothelial plasticity and vascular regeneration are increasingly linked to metabolic reprogramming.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the role of energy metabolism, aging, and immunometabolism in coronary collateral circulation.
- To understand how metabolic pathways influence collateral vessel formation.
- To identify potential metabolic intervention strategies for ischemic heart disease.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on coronary collateral circulation, metabolism, and immunometabolism.
- Analysis of the roles of glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and mitochondrial metabolism in endothelial function.
- Investigation of the impact of aging and metabolic disorders on collateralization.
Main Results:
- Metabolic reprogramming, including glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation, is crucial for endothelial cell functions supporting collateral growth.
- Aging and metabolic disorders impair CCC by disrupting key metabolic pathways.
- Immunometabolism, particularly M2 macrophages, influences angiogenesis via fatty acid oxidation.
Conclusions:
- Energy metabolism, aging-related metabolic dysfunction, and immunometabolism are critical determinants of coronary collateral circulation.
- Metabolic pathways are fundamental to endothelial plasticity and vascular repair.
- Metabolic interventions hold promise for enhancing collateral vessel formation in ischemic heart disease.
Abstract:
Coronary collateral circulation (CCC) develops in response to coronary artery stenosis or occlusion and helps maintain myocardial perfusion and attenuate ischemic injury. Shear stress and signaling pathways play crucial roles in collateral vessel formation, while metabolic status is a key determinant of individual variability in collateral growth capacity. In recent years, metabolic reprogramming has been recognized as a fundamental basis for endothelial plasticity and vascular regenerative potential. Glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and mitochondrial metabolism play essential roles in endothelial cell migration, proliferation, and redox homeostasis. Aging and metabolic disorders impair collateral vessel formation by disrupting these metabolic pathways. Immunometabolism also profoundly influences coronary collateral circulation, with M2 macrophages promoting angiogenesis through fatty acid oxidation. Energy metabolism, aging-related metabolic dysfunction, and immunometabolism all affect the development of coronary collateral circulation. Metabolic intervention strategies may therefore enhance collateral vessel formation in ischemic heart disease.
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