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Related Concept Videos

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other axis.
Labeling DNA Probes03:31

Labeling DNA Probes

DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
Radioisotopes, fluorophores, or small molecule binding partners like biotin or digoxigenin, are the most widely used reporter tags for labeling DNA probes. These labels can be attached to the probe DNA molecule via...
2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)01:19

2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)

Heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC) is a 2D NMR technique that reveals one-bond correlations between hydrogen and a heteronucleus. The HSQC experiment is similar to the heteronuclear correlation experiment (HETCOR) but is more sensitive. In the HSQC spectrum, the proton chemical shift is plotted on the horizontal F2 axis, while the 13C chemical shift is plotted on the vertical F1 axis. The corresponding proton and 13C spectra are also shown. The HSQC contour plot does...
Photoluminescence: Applications01:14

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Photoluminescence offers a wide range of applications due to its inherent sensitivity and selectivity. This technique allows for both direct and indirect analyses of the analyte. Direct quantitative analysis is possible when the analyte exhibits a favorable quantum yield for fluorescence or phosphorescence. However, an indirect analysis may be feasible if the analyte is not fluorescent or phosphorescent, or if the quantum yield is unfavorable. Indirect methods include reacting the analyte with...
2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques01:16

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Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
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¹H NMR of Labile Protons: Deuterium (²H) Substitution00:48

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This lesson illustrates the role of deuterium substitution in simplifying the NMR spectrum of compounds comprising labile protons. One method employed is the use of deuterium. Amongst the three isotopes of hydrogen, deuterium (2H) has a nucleus composed of one proton and one neutron. When the D2O solvent is added to a pure dry ethanol solution, its labile proton is substituted with deuterium.

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Synthesis of pH Dependent Pyrazole, Imidazole, and Isoindolone Dipyrrinone Fluorophores using a Claisen-Schmidt Condensation Approach
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Published on: June 10, 2021

Recent Progress in Fluorescent Probes for Hydrazine Detection with Double-Bond Structural Features.

Fuyang Dong1,2, Junwei Zhu1, Zehao Ye1,3

  • 1School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China.

Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry
|July 3, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sensitive detection of toxic hydrazine (N2H4) is crucial. This review highlights fluorescent probes with double bonds, offering insights for designing improved hydrazine detection tools.

Keywords:
Fluorescence probehydrazinereviewsensing mechanism

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Qualitative Identification of Carboxylic Acids, Boronic Acids, and Amines Using Cruciform Fluorophores

Published on: August 19, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Chemical Sensing
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Hydrazine (N2H4) is a widely used chemical with significant toxicity.
  • Accurate quantification of trace hydrazine is vital for environmental and human health safety.
  • Existing fluorescent probes often utilize hydrazine-responsive groups, but a focus on double bond structures is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review fluorescent probes for hydrazine detection that incorporate double bonds.
  • To classify these probes based on the type of double bond involved in the reaction.
  • To provide insights for the development of novel and improved hydrazine-sensing probes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recently reported fluorescent probes for N2H4 detection.
  • Classification of probes based on double bond types: carbon-oxygen (aldehyde) and carbon-carbon (malononitrile, benzothiazole-2-acetonitrile, barbituric acid, 1,3-indanedione, 2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione motifs).
  • Analysis of the reaction mechanism where double bonds react with hydrazine to form derivatives.

Main Results:

  • Identified and categorized fluorescent probes for hydrazine detection based on specific double bond motifs.
  • Demonstrated that various double bond types react with hydrazine to yield characteristic derivatives.
  • Highlighted the importance of these double bonds as key structural features in hydrazine sensing.

Conclusions:

  • Fluorescent probes utilizing double bonds are effective for hydrazine detection.
  • Understanding the role of different double bond types can guide the design of more sensitive and selective probes.
  • This review provides a foundation for future advancements in hydrazine sensing technologies.