Outcomes in the Older Appalachian Trauma Population After Falls Caused by Dogs: Who Let the Dogs Out?

Introduction Falls continue to be among the leading causes of nonfatal injuries in the United States. Falls are common among the older population, and the Appalachian region is considered one with an aging population. Pet ownership is common and has even increased since 2020. Few studies exist on the topic of falls caused by dogs. Methods Data were retrospectively pulled from the trauma registry at a rural Appalachian Level 1 trauma center between January 1, 2017, and June 15, 2022. Patients ≥18 who presented to the facility due to falling or tripping caused by dogs were included. Injuries due to dog bites were excluded. Results A total of 94 patients were included in the study, all of whom sustained an injury. Patients ≥65 years represented 68.1% of the cohort population. Females represented most of the population with 73.4% (P<0.001).  Hip/pelvic fractures were the leading cause of injury and were a significant predictor of outcomes for the older population. Hip fractures were significantly higher in those aged ≥65 years compared to those <65 years of age (92% vs 7%, P<0.001). The ≥65-year group also had significantly longer hospital length of stay (4.5 vs 3.2 days, P=0.046). Patients aged ≥65 years were 10.3 times more likely to be discharged to a care facility and were discharged most often to skilled nursing (odds ratio (OR)=10.292, 95% confidence interval (CI)=3.194-33.161, P<0.001). Conclusion Females were more likely to experience trauma because of a dog-related trip or fall. Older people are more prone to falling due to dogs and experiencing hip/pelvic fractures. These patients are also more likely to be discharged to a care facility, most commonly skilled nursing.