Voices of Stroke Survivors With Dysphagia: A Roy Adaptation Model-Based Qualitative Analysis

To explore the neurobehavioral and psychosocial adaptation experiences of stroke survivors with dysphagia using the Roy Adaptation Model as an analytical framework.

This qualitative study employed a deductive design guided by the Roy Adaptation Model. Nineteen adults with acute stroke and clinically confirmed dysphagia were recruited from a university hospital in Türkiye between July and October 2025. Data were collected through semi-structured, face-to-face interviews conducted within the first week after stroke onset. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using deductive content analysis based on the physiological, self-concept, role function, and interdependence adaptive modes.

Analysis revealed four main domains of adaptation challenges. Participants experienced physiological disruption characterized by impaired swallowing, saliva control, and repeated swallowing behaviors. Emotional responses included fear of choking, embarrassment, and uncertainty regarding recovery, reflecting disruption in self-concept. Role function was affected by loss of independence in feeding and daily activities, leading to increased dependence on caregivers. Interdependence was shaped by both social withdrawal and perceived support from family members and healthcare professionals during hospitalization.

Stroke-related dysphagia is associated with multidimensional neurobehavioral and psychosocial adaptation difficulties beyond its physiological impact. Early recognition of these adaptive challenges and provision of structured support systems may facilitate coping processes during the acute phase of stroke recovery.