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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: diagnosis, monitoring and chronic management in nursing practice
Chris Parker1, Barry Hill2, Eleanor Brown3
1Assistant Professor in Nursing, School of Healthcare and Nursing Science, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne.
Abstract:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive condition and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the UK. Characterised by persistent airflow limitation, breathlessness, cough and frequent exacerbations, it is often linked to smoking and other environmental exposures. This article reviews COPD from a nursing perspective, outlining definition, pathophysiology and evidence-based management. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies are discussed, with emphasis on smoking cessation, inhaler technique, pulmonary rehabilitation and holistic care. The central role of nurses in supporting self-management, co-ordinating multidisciplinary care and addressing comorbidities is highlighted. Aligning practice with National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidance can improve outcomes and reduce avoidable admissions.
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Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...