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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

A Rapid Method for Modeling a Variable Cycle Engine

A Rapid Method for Modeling a Variable Cycle Engine

Published on: August 13, 2019

Solving the cooling flow problem with combined jet-wind AGN feedback.

Aoyun He^1,2, Feng Yuan³, Suoqing Ji^3,4

¹Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, China.

Science Advances

|July 3, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback resolves the cooling flow problem in galaxy clusters. Combining jets and winds in simulations, constrained by accretion physics, successfully reproduces key observables, unlike jet-only or wind-only models.

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Published on: November 3, 2023

Area of Science:

Astrophysics
Galaxy Evolution
Computational Cosmology

Background:

Active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback is a leading theory for solving the cooling flow problem in galaxy clusters.
Previous models of AGN feedback lacked jet properties consistent with accretion physics.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of combined jet and wind feedback from AGN in galaxy clusters.
To develop a more physically realistic model of AGN feedback by constraining jet and wind properties.

Main Methods:

Performed an idealized hydrodynamic simulation of a relaxed galaxy cluster using the MACER framework.
Incorporated jet and wind properties constrained by general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations and observations.
Simulated a cluster with properties similar to the Perseus cluster.

Main Results:

The combined jet-wind feedback model successfully reproduced key observables: cold gas mass, star formation rate, thermodynamic profiles, and black hole growth.
Jet-only or wind-only feedback models failed to reproduce these observables.
Turbulence driven by jet-wind shear significantly enhanced kinetic-to-thermal energy conversion, improving heating efficiency.

Conclusions:

Combined jet and wind feedback is crucial for resolving the cooling flow problem in galaxy clusters.
The enhanced heating efficiency is attributed to turbulence generated by jet-wind shear.
This study provides a more physically grounded model for AGN feedback in galaxy clusters.