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Updated: Jul 5, 2026

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Partial submergence-induced adventitious root emergence in cucumber requires CsRBOHB-mediated ROS production.

Yingying Hu¹, Jiajia Hu¹, Jiatao Shen¹

¹Department of Horticulture, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.

Plant Physiology

|July 3, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Adventitious root (AR) emergence in plants facing flooding stress is vital. This study reveals that cucumber calcium-dependent protein kinase 2 (CsCDPK2) activates CsRBOHB, a key enzyme in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, promoting ARs.

Keywords:

adventitious root cucumber partial submergence reactive oxygen species respiratory burst oxidase homolog

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Area of Science:

Plant Biology
Molecular Biology
Stress Physiology

Background:

Flooding stress significantly impacts plant survival and yield.
Adventitious roots (ARs) are crucial for plant adaptation to partially submerged conditions.
The molecular pathways regulating AR emergence under flooding remain largely unelucidated.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, specifically mediated by CsRBOHB, in cucumber adventitious root (AR) emergence.
To elucidate the molecular mechanisms linking flooding stress to AR formation in plants.

Main Methods:

Gene expression analysis of cucumber RBOHB (CsRBOHB) under partial submergence.
Genetic manipulation (knockout and overexpression) of CsRBOHB in cucumber to assess its effect on AR emergence.
Functional analysis of a homologous gene (SlRBOHB) in tomato under similar conditions.
Investigation of the interaction between CsCDPK2 and CsRBOHB using genetic silencing and functional assays.

Main Results:

ROS specifically accumulated in the vascular tissues of partially submerged cucumber hypocotyls.
CsRBOHB expression was induced in vascular cells upon partial submergence.
CsRBOHB knockout inhibited AR emergence, while its overexpression enhanced AR formation.
Silencing of CsCDPK2, which directly activates CsRBOHB, also inhibited AR emergence under submergence.

Conclusions:

The CsCDPK2-CsRBOHB pathway is a critical regulator of adventitious root emergence in cucumber under partial submergence.
RBOHB-mediated ROS production plays a significant role in plant adaptation to flooding stress.
This pathway provides a potential target for improving crop resilience to waterlogged conditions.