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Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Assessing Blood Pressure01:10

Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Assessing Blood Pressure

Accurate blood pressure assessment is crucial for diagnosing and managing various health conditions. To ensure the reliability of these measurements, healthcare professionals must adhere to standardized pre-procedural guidelines. These guidelines enhance patient safety and improve the overall quality of healthcare. The following steps are essential for obtaining accurate and consistent blood pressure readings, from using the appropriate tools to ensuring effective communication with the patient.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Real-Time Assessment of Spinal Cord Microperfusion in a Porcine Model of Ischemia/Reperfusion
10:27

Real-Time Assessment of Spinal Cord Microperfusion in a Porcine Model of Ischemia/Reperfusion

Published on: December 10, 2020

Pre-transfusion Testing in Cervical Spine Surgery: Are We Overprepared?

A Taberner1, J D Montenegro1, K Zelada2

  • 1Unidad de Cirugía de Columna. Servicio de Traumatología y Cirugía Ortopédica, Hospital Universitario Mutua Terrassa. Plaça del Doctor Robert, 5, 08221 Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain.

Revista Espanola De Cirugia Ortopedica Y Traumatologia
|July 3, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Routine pre-transfusion testing may be unnecessary for anterior cervical arthrodesis (ACA) patients with hemoglobin above 12 g/dL. This can help optimize preoperative protocols and reduce unnecessary blood work.

Keywords:
Anterior cervical arthrodesisArtrodesis cervical anteriorCervical spine surgeryCirugía de columna cervicalHemoglobinHemoglobinaPre-transfusion testingPruebas pre-transfusionalesTransfusionTransfusión

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Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Anesthesiology

Background:

  • Routine pre-transfusion testing is often deemed unnecessary for cervical spine surgery patients with adequate hemoglobin (Hb).
  • The necessity of this testing for anterior cervical arthrodesis (ACA) specifically requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the necessity of routine pre-transfusion testing in patients undergoing ACA.
  • To determine if preoperative hemoglobin levels are predictive of transfusion needs in ACA patients.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study analyzed 318 patients undergoing ACA for degenerative conditions.
  • Bivariate analyses identified predictive factors for transfusion, including preoperative Hb levels.
  • Crossmatch-to-transfusion ratio (C/T), likelihood of transfusion (%T), and transfusion index (TI) were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Only 2 (0.6%) of 318 patients required transfusion.
  • Patients with Hb < 12 g/dL had significantly higher odds of transfusion (OR 25.33, p=0.02).
  • Age, ASA score, and transfusion rate differed significantly between Hb groups (<12 g/dL vs. ≥12 g/dL).

Conclusions:

  • Routine pre-transfusion testing and blood reservation can likely be limited for ACA patients.
  • Eliminating routine testing, especially for patients with Hb ≥ 12 g/dL, can optimize preoperative protocols.
  • These findings support streamlining transfusion management in ACA surgery.