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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Virtual Agent for Real-Time Motivational Interviewing by Integrating Adaptive Nonverbal Behavior and Language Models

Virtual Agent for Real-Time Motivational Interviewing by Integrating Adaptive Nonverbal Behavior and Language Models

Published on: December 23, 2025

AI-based performance feedback and coaching effectiveness: a moderated mediation model in football.

Xiaohui Jiang¹, Yitong Zhang², Hao Liu³

¹School of Physical Education, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China.

Scientific Reports

|July 3, 2026

Summary

Artificial Intelligence-Based Performance Feedback (AIPF) enhances coaching effectiveness by improving tactical awareness and self-efficacy. Coach digital literacy and technology acceptance are key to adopting AI tools for better coaching outcomes.

Keywords:

AI-based performance feedback Coaching effectiveness Coaching self-efficacy PLS-SEM Tactical awareness

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Virtual Agent for Real-Time Motivational Interviewing by Integrating Adaptive Nonverbal Behavior and Language Models

Virtual Agent for Real-Time Motivational Interviewing by Integrating Adaptive Nonverbal Behavior and Language Models

Published on: December 23, 2025

Area of Science:

Sports Science
Educational Technology
Coaching Psychology

Background:

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming professional sports coaching.
The impact of AI on psychological and strategic coaching outcomes requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine how AI-Based Performance Feedback (AIPF) influences Coaching Effectiveness (CE).
To explore the mediating roles of Tactical Awareness (TA) and Coaching Self-Efficacy (CSE).
To investigate the moderating effect of Coaching Tenure Perception (CTP).

Main Methods:

Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used.
A moderated mediation model was tested with data from 512 professional football coaches in China.
Technology Acceptance and Coach Digital Literacy were assessed as antecedents of AIPF.

Main Results:

AIPF directly and indirectly predicted CE through TA and CSE, indicating partial mediation.
Technology Acceptance and Coach Digital Literacy positively influenced AIPF adoption.
CTP moderated the relationship between AIPF and TA, with experienced coaches benefiting more.

Conclusions:

AI-based feedback significantly enhances coaching effectiveness, mediated by tactical awareness and self-efficacy.
Coach digital literacy and technology acceptance are crucial for effective AI tool implementation.
AI interventions should be personalized and psychologically informed for optimal results.