Next Generation Probiotics Challenges: A Road to use as Live Bio-Therapeutics

There is an eminent association between human gut microbiota and health. The eventual footprint on the host depends heavily on the symbiotic relationship between the host and their gut microbiota. Current probiotics mostly available to consumers are drawn from a restricted arsenal of organisms, mostly belongs to various genera of Lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Ever expanding knowledge of gut microbiota and its related constituents is shifting this paradigm, specifically the phylogenetic range and the obscure characteristics of novel biotherapeutics currently under consideration. Due to this, and because their progress is more complaint to a pharmaceutical route with sole purpose of mitigating chronic ailments, rather than a food delivery as they are not designed for conventional use as food or dietary supplements, these microorganisms are repeatedly mentioned as Next Generation Probiotics (NGPs), a notion that coincides with the juvenile concept of live biotherapeutic products. Various nonconventional strains showing probiotic potential includes Akkermansia muciniphila, Prevotella copri, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Eubacterium halii, members of Clostridia cluster IV and XIV and Bacteroides fragilis. However, major challenge hindering their way to the market is viable intestinal delivery due to stringent survival conditions. In this review, present day outlook on the development and valuation of these strains are covered, along with suggested approaches which stakeholders and industries should consider for better outcomes.