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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions.

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Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
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Caging Lithium Deposition: High-Entropy Metal-Organic Framework Interfaces for Anode-Free Batteries.

Yi Wang1,2, Jun Wang1,2, Hengzhi Liu3

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, P. R. China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|July 4, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-entropy metal-organic frameworks (HE-MOFs) enable efficient ion transport and uniform lithium deposition in anode-free lithium metal batteries. This breakthrough enhances battery performance and stability for practical applications.

Keywords:
anode‐freeheterogeneous local coordination environmentshigh‐entropy metal–organic frameworksolid‐electrolyte interphase

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Anode-free lithium metal batteries (AF-LMBs) promise high energy density but face challenges with lithium-ion transport and deposition.
  • Uneven lithium deposition and sluggish ion transport hinder the practical development of AF-LMBs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel interfacial strategy for regulating lithium deposition in AF-LMBs.
  • To introduce a nanoconfined ion-regulator based on high-entropy metal-organic frameworks (HE-MOFs).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized high-entropy metal-organic frameworks (HE-MOFs) as nanoconfined ion-regulators.
  • Employed simulation results to analyze ion transport and interfacial properties.
  • Fabricated and tested Li||HE-MOF/C half-cells, HE-MOF/C@Li symmetric cells, and HE-MOF/C||NCM-811 full cells.

Main Results:

  • HE-MOFs facilitated Li+ migration and regulated interfacial electrolyte decomposition.
  • Achieved an initial Coulombic efficiency of 97.74% in a Li||HE-MOF/C half-cell.
  • Demonstrated stable cycling for over 10000 hours in a symmetric cell and 2300 cycles in a full cell with a low decay rate.

Conclusions:

  • High-entropy MOF interfacial strategy effectively regulates lithium deposition in AF-LMBs.
  • The developed HE-MOF material significantly enhances battery performance and cycle life.
  • This work presents a promising approach for advancing AF-LMB technology.