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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers

β-adrenergic antagonists, commonly known as β-blockers, block the effects of sympathetic neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (ADR). They have several beneficial effects in heart failure treatment. They reduce heart rate, the force of contraction, and cardiac muscle relaxation. They also slow the atrial-ventricular conduction rate and raise the threshold for arrhythmias. The concentration of β-blockers determines their effects on bronchodilation, vasodilation, and...
Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents

Positive inotropic agents are commonly used as the first line of treatment for heart failure. One such agent is digoxin, derived from the genus Digitalis, which has been known for centuries but effectively utilized since 1785. However, these cardiac glycosides can have potentially toxic effects due to their mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase and increasing contractility. Digoxin is absorbed orally and distributed in various tissues, including the CNS. It has a long...
Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care01:29

Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing
12:45

Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing

Published on: December 11, 2017

Heart Failure Pharmacotherapy Across the TAVR Continuum.

Takayuki Onishi1, Gilbert H L Tang2, Andy Moyal3

  • 1Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital, New York, New York, USA.

Journal of Cardiac Failure
|July 4, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) for heart failure should be continued and optimized after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Early use of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASi) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) shows the most benefit.

Keywords:
Heart failure: Pharmacotherapy: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement

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Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing
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Published on: December 11, 2017

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Heart Failure Management
  • Interventional Cardiology

Background:

  • Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a common treatment for severe symptomatic aortic stenosis.
  • Heart failure often persists post-TAVR due to incomplete reversal of myocardial remodeling and diastolic dysfunction.
  • TAVR addresses valvular afterload but not the underlying myocardial disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) for heart failure across the TAVR continuum.
  • To propose a framework for optimizing GDMT use in pre-, peri-, and post-TAVR phases.
  • To identify priorities for future research in TAVR pharmacotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of available evidence on the safety, efficacy, and clinical outcomes of GDMT drug classes in TAVR populations.
  • Integration of data supporting continuation and early optimization of GDMT.
  • Analysis of evidence for renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASi), sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and beta-blockers (BBs).

Main Results:

  • Accumulating data support continuing and optimizing GDMT across the TAVR continuum.
  • Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASi) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) show the most consistent benefit.
  • Evidence for GDMT in TAVR populations is largely observational and heterogeneous.

Conclusions:

  • Post-TAVR heart failure management requires continued GDMT, tailored to the patient's heart failure phenotype.
  • Optimal timing, patient selection, and class-specific effects of GDMT require further investigation.
  • Randomized trials are essential to define optimal GDMT implementation strategies post-TAVR.