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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Quantifying Social Motivation in Mice Using Operant Conditioning
07:43

Quantifying Social Motivation in Mice Using Operant Conditioning

Published on: August 8, 2015

Post-weaning social isolation increases reward-seeking behavior in mice.

Michael Noback1, Zehra A Husaini1, Thomas van Kralingen2

  • 1Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins University Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Physiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Physiology & Behavior
|July 4, 2026
PubMed
Summary

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Translational psychiatry·2025

Adolescent social isolation (SI) in mice improved cognitive task performance and increased motivation for rewards in adulthood. These findings suggest SI impacts adult reward-seeking behavior and may model links to neuropsychiatric disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Social isolation (SI) during adolescence poses a significant public health concern.
  • Adolescent brain development is critical, and isolation during this period may impair cognitive function and increase later-life psychiatric illness risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term effects of adolescent social isolation (SI) on cognitive function and reward-seeking behavior in adult mice.
  • To establish a behavioral model for studying the link between adolescent SI and neuropsychiatric disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Adolescent mice (postnatal day 21-35) were subjected to social isolation (SI) or group housing.
  • Adult mice performance was assessed using a touchscreen-based continuous performance test (rCPT) and fixed ratio/progressive ratio (FR/PR) reinforcement schedules.
Keywords:
AttentionChronic stressMotivationSocial isolationTouchscreen

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Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

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  • Behavioral outcomes including task performance, reaction times, reward retrieval latencies, motivation, and reinforcement schedules were analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • SI mice demonstrated improved performance on the rCPT compared to group-housed controls.
    • No significant differences were observed in reaction times or reward retrieval latencies.
    • SI mice exhibited higher breakpoints on a progressive ratio (PR4) schedule and earned more reinforcers on a fixed ratio (FR1) schedule, indicating increased motivation for rewards.

    Conclusions:

    • Adolescent social isolation significantly alters reward-seeking behavior and cognitive performance in adult mice.
    • The observed changes suggest that adolescent SI may increase motivation for rewards, potentially contributing to neuropsychiatric risks.
    • This mouse model offers a valuable tool for further research into the neurobiological mechanisms connecting social isolation and mental health disorders.