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Updated: Jul 6, 2026

A Telemetric, Gravimetric Platform for Real-Time Physiological Phenotyping of Plant–Environment Interactions
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Design, development, and performance evaluation of a portable chilli seed extractor based on crop-specific

Masrat Mohiuddin1, Mohd Muzamil2, Mohammed M Morad3

  • 1College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190025, India. sofimasrat72@gmail.com.

Scientific Reports
|July 4, 2026
PubMed
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A new portable chilli seed extractor significantly reduces labour and costs. This mechanized solution improves seed quality and operational efficiency for small-scale farmers.

Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Engineering
  • Post-Harvest Technology
  • Mechanization

Background:

  • Manual chilli seed extraction (Capsicum annuum L.) is inefficient, labor-intensive, and causes high seed damage.
  • Mechanized solutions are needed to enhance seed quality, operational efficiency, and productivity in chilli processing.
  • Existing methods fail to meet the demands of small-scale agricultural operations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design, develop, and evaluate a portable chilli seed extractor.
  • To tailor the extractor to the specific physical, engineering, and mechanical properties of the KL1 chilli variety.
  • To optimize the extractor's performance for efficiency, seed quality, and cost-effectiveness.

Main Methods:

  • Characterization of chilli pod dimensions and properties at various moisture contents (85-86%, 64-65%, 3-4%).
Keywords:
ChilliDesign optimizationMechanizationPerformance evaluationSeed extractor

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  • Design and fabrication of a prototype extractor featuring a trapezoidal hopper, dual shredding rollers, and a reciprocating screen.
  • Performance evaluation under varied operating conditions (moisture content, blade spacing, screen amplitude) and multi-response optimization using Design-Expert software.

    • Main Results:

    • Maximum extraction efficiency of 87.46% achieved at 3-4% moisture content, 1.5 cm blade spacing, and 4 cm screen amplitude.
    • Optimized conditions yielded 76.21% extraction efficiency, 96.83% separation efficiency, 16.22 kg/h throughput, 3.10% seed damage, and 90.66% germination.
    • Economic analysis showed a benefit-cost ratio of 1.31, an 89% reduction in extraction cost, and a payback period of 339 hours.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed portable chilli seed extractor is a practical and cost-effective solution for small-scale seed processing.
    • The machine significantly reduces labor requirements and extraction costs compared to manual methods.
    • The optimized design ensures high extraction and separation efficiencies while maintaining seed viability.