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Auditory event-related potentials and psychosis dimensions.

Jadyn Trayvick1, Greg Perlman2, Katherine G Jonas2

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Blunted auditory event-related potentials (ERPs), specifically N1 and P3b, are uniquely linked to psychosis dimensions. A blunted P3a, however, is common in both psychosis and internalizing disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Psychophysiology

Background:

  • Auditory event-related potential (ERP) components N1 and P3 are potential neural markers for psychotic disorders.
  • Previous research primarily focused on categorical disorders, with N1 and P3 also linked to internalizing disorders, creating ambiguity regarding their specificity.
  • The relationship between auditory ERPs and dimensional representations of psychosis versus general psychopathology remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between auditory ERPs (N1, P3a, P3b) and dimensional aspects of psychosis and comorbid psychopathology.
  • To determine if auditory ERPs relate to specific psychosis dimensions or a broader psychosis superspectrum.
  • To assess the specificity of auditory ERPs to psychosis compared to internalizing psychopathology.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an auditory oddball task with electroencephalography (EEG) recording in 202 individuals with a history of psychotic disorder hospitalization and 304 matched controls.
  • Collected data through diagnostic interviews, self-report questionnaires, and a neuropsychological battery.
  • Analyzed relationships between auditory ERP amplitudes (N1, P3a, P3b) and dimensional scores for psychosis and internalizing psychopathology.

Main Results:

  • A blunted auditory N1, P3a, and P3b were associated with higher psychosis superspectrum scores.
  • After controlling for the psychosis superspectrum, N1 and P3a were not independently linked to specific psychosis dimensions, but a smaller P3b correlated with poorer cognition.
  • Auditory N1 and P3b showed specificity to the psychosis superspectrum over the internalizing spectrum, whereas P3a was similarly blunted in both.

Conclusions:

  • Blunted auditory N1 and P3b amplitudes are uniquely associated with the psychosis superspectrum.
  • A blunted P3a is a common neural marker for both the psychosis superspectrum and internalizing spectrum.
  • These findings suggest distinct ERP profiles for psychosis dimensions and comorbid internalizing symptoms, offering potential neural markers for differential diagnosis.