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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Temporal Analysis of the Nuclear-to-cytoplasmic Translocation of a Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Protein by Immunofluorescent Confocal Microscopy
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A Temporal Pole Lesion in Neuronal Intranuclear Inclusion Disease: A Case Report.

Tomoya Inaba1,2, Yoshinori Hirata1, Hidehiro Ishikawa1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Mie Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.

Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
|July 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) can present with white matter lesions and temporal pole abnormalities on MRI. Early consideration of NIID is crucial, even before diffusion-weighted imaging findings are definitive.

Keywords:
neuronal intranuclear inclusion diseasetemporal pole

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder.
  • Characteristic neuroimaging findings in NIID include white matter lesions.
  • Early diagnosis is essential for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the neuroimaging features of NIID.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering NIID in the differential diagnosis of white matter lesions and temporal pole abnormalities.

Main Methods:

  • A case study of an 81-year-old woman with a consciousness disorder.
  • Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).
  • Skin biopsy and genetic analysis for definitive diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • MRI revealed white matter lesions and specific lesions in the cerebellum, corpus callosum, and left temporal pole on FLAIR.
  • DWI showed hyperintensity at the left frontal corticomedullary junction.
  • Diagnosis of NIID was confirmed via skin biopsy and genetic analysis.
  • Neuroimaging lesions were apparent prior to clear DWI hyperintensity.

Conclusions:

  • NIID should be considered in the differential diagnosis when temporal pole lesions are observed on MRI.
  • Early MRI findings, including white matter and temporal pole lesions, can suggest NIID even before DWI changes are pronounced.