Mentalization of shame in coping with self-coherence dysregulation during shame experiences

Shame is a fundamental self-conscious emotion that can disrupt self-narratives and identity coherence. This study explored how mentalization moderates the impact of shameful memories on self-narrative organization.

A qualitative design using thematic narrative analysis was employed. Six participants with significant experiences of shame were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected via semi-structured narrative interviews, transcribed, and analyzed using MAXQDA. Trustworthiness was ensured through prolonged engagement.

Findings showed that shame often leads to collapse of self-narratives, reduced agency, and regression to pre-mentalizing states. Resolution occurs through activation of mentalization, allowing symbolic distancing from emotion, narrative reconstruction, adaptive coping, and restored identity coherence.

Mentalization enables adaptive processing of shame, transforming existential threat into an opportunity for self-redefinition and coherent narrative identity. Enhancing mentalization may support clinical interventions for shame-related disturbances.