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Rational Design of V2O5 Hierarchical Microspheres with Tunable Porosities and Primary Building Blocks for Enhanced
Zhi Gao1,2, Yongqin Wang3, Shikun Xie1,2
1School of Mechanical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, China.
Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|July 6, 2026
Summary
Researchers developed a controllable synthesis for vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) hierarchical structures. The best-performing V2O5-HPM material offers superior lithium storage capacity and rate performance for advanced batteries.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- The performance of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) cathodes in lithium storage is heavily influenced by their hierarchical architecture.
- Controlling the morphology, porosity, and nanoparticle size of V2O5 is crucial but challenging.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically investigate the controllable synthesis of V2O5 hierarchical structures.
- To establish a rational strategy for tailoring V2O5 architectures for enhanced lithium storage.
- To understand the structure-property relationships governing V2O5 cathode performance.
Main Methods:
- Solvothermal synthesis followed by calcination was employed.
- Variations in vanadium precursor (ammonium metavanadate vs. vanadyl acetylacetonate) and solvent system (ethylene glycol/nitric acid vs. isopropanol) were explored.
- Characterization of synthesized V2O5 structures (morphology, surface area) and electrochemical evaluation for lithium storage were performed.
Main Results:
- Hierarchical porous microspheres (V2O5-HPM) synthesized using NH4VO3 in EG/HNO3 exhibited a high surface area (17.3 m2 g-1) and uniform nanoparticles (40-60 nm).
- Alternative synthesis routes yielded V2O5-PMS and V2O5-FPM with lower surface areas and different morphologies.
- V2O5-HPM demonstrated superior lithium storage: 240 mAh g-1 at 0.2C, 105 mAh g-1 at 5C, and 82% retention after 100 cycles at 1C.
Conclusions:
- The choice of vanadium precursor and solvent system significantly impacts V2O5 hierarchical structure formation and properties.
- V2O5-HPM's architecture, with its high surface area and mesoporosity, enhances electrolyte infiltration and Li+ transport.
- This study provides a viable strategy for designing high-performance V2O5 cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.
