CV risk: if you aren't testing ACR, you aren't seeing the full picture

Ana Cebrián1, David C Wheeler2, Nikolaus Marx3

  • 1Casco Antiguo Health Center, Cartagena; Primary Care Research Group, Murcia Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIB), Cartagena, Murcia, Spain.

Insights

Early screening for chronic kidney disease (CKD) using the albumin-to-creatinine ratio is crucial. This test detects cardiovascular risk and CKD before kidney function declines, enabling timely intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a widespread, often undiagnosed condition.
  • CKD significantly increases cardiovascular (CV) risk, even in early, asymptomatic stages.
  • Elevated urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) is a key indicator of CV risk and early kidney damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To emphasize the importance of early CKD detection through UACR testing.
  • To highlight UACR's role in identifying cardiovascular risk before estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline.
  • To advocate for the integration of UACR testing into routine care for at-risk populations.

Main Methods:

  • Expert opinion presented, not original research.
  • Recommendations are based on current clinical guidelines and evidence.
  • Focus on the diagnostic utility of UACR in at-risk individuals.

Main Results:

  • UACR testing enables early identification of CKD and CV risk.
  • Early detection allows for prompt implementation of guideline-directed therapies.
  • Intervention at the earliest clinical indication can modify disease progression.

Conclusions:

  • Routine UACR testing in at-risk individuals (e.g., with diabetes, CV disease, hypertension) is essential for early CKD and CV risk detection.
  • Timely initiation of guideline-directed therapies based on UACR results can optimize patient outcomes.
  • Integrating UACR testing into standard practice is a key strategy to combat the CKD epidemic.