Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria
Published on: February 23, 2014
Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia as the Biggest Challenge: Incidence, Risk Factors, Prevention, and Mortality Rate
Sami Ur Rehman1, Unaiza Saeed1, Arshad Taqi1
1Department of Anaesthesia, Doctors Hospital and Medical Centre, Lahore, Pakistan.
None:
This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Doctors Hospital and Medical Centre, Lahore, Pakistan, from January to December 2023, to observe the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), predictors, mortality rate, and compliance with the VAP care bundle. Data were recorded and analysed in an IBM SPSS Statistics version 29.0. A one-sample t-test was applied. A p-value of ˂0.05 was considered statistically significant, and the confidence interval was set at 95%. The incidence of VAP in this study is 13.66% (29 of 213 patients), and the VAP rate is 33.3 per 1,000 ventilator days. The mortality rate is 34.48% (10 out of 29 expired). VAP remains prevalent in ICU patients and a public health issue with various predictors, including prolonged mechanical ventilation, low GCS, and patients having traumatic brain injuries. Key Words: Ventilator-associated pneumonia, Intensive Care Unit, Mechanical ventilation, Microbiological culture, Care bundle.
Related Concept Videos
Pneumonia I: Introduction
Pneumonia I: Introduction
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed.
Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment
Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology
Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...