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Anticipatory self-efficacy predicts live musical performance: development and validation of the Music Aptitude
Gulce Coskun Senturk1, Asli Kaya1, Cagri Basbug1
1Department of Fine Arts Education, Faculty of Education, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Türkiye.
Abstract:
High-stakes musical aptitude examinations represent a significant source of evaluative stress for adolescent musicians, yet the psychological mechanisms that influence success in these environments require further empirical investigation. Grounded in social cognitive theory, this study developed and psychometrically evaluated the Music Aptitude Self-Efficacy Scale (MASES) to assess the multidimensional anticipatory beliefs of adolescents navigating these examinations. Utilizing a large adolescent sample (N = 2030), exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a triadic structure comprising Cognitive-Auditory, Psychomotor-Performance, and Affective Regulation dimensions. The scale demonstrated internal consistency and concurrent validity against both domain-general and music-specific self-efficacy measures. Furthermore, predictive validity was examined through a live performance simulation evaluated by an expert jury, revealing a positive correlation between candidates' pre-examination self-efficacy scores and their objective technical performance under stress. These findings indicate that the scale serves as a psychometric instrument for evaluating performance-related self-efficacy beliefs. By providing insights into adolescents' perceived competence prior to evaluation, this tool can assist music educators and counselors in understanding students' preparatory needs, contributing to a supportive educational framework.
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