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Updated: Jul 7, 2026
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A Murine Model of Irreversible and Reversible Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction
Published on: December 20, 2014
URINARY OBSTRUCTION IN CAMELIDS AND ZOO RUMINANTS
Angelica Ferro1, Brett Gardner2, Simon Girling3
1Donald S McGregor & Partners Ltd, Thurso KW14 7EG, Scotland, United Kingdom, ferro.angelica@gmail.com.
Summary
Urolithiasis causing urinary obstruction in male zoo animals is challenging. Surgical outcomes varied, with perineal urethrostomy and tube cystostomy showing potential, but hyperkalemia indicated poor prognosis.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Zoological Medicine
- Urology
Background:
- Urolithiasis presents a significant health risk in male zoo animals, potentially leading to complete urinary obstruction.
- This condition has been documented across diverse species including camels, cattle, bison, and antelopes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review cases of urolithiasis causing complete urinary obstruction in male zoo animals.
- To analyze surgical interventions, outcomes, and associated prognostic factors.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective case review of ten male zoo animals with complete urinary obstruction due to urolithiasis.
- Analysis of surgical procedures (perineal urethrostomy, urethrotomy, tube cystostomy) and their success rates.
- Evaluation of factors such as animal species, age, castration status, and pre-existing conditions.
Main Results:
- Eight of ten animals underwent surgery, with varying outcomes.
- Perineal urethrostomy and tube cystostomy were employed, with tube cystostomy resulting in full recovery without further intervention.
- Revision surgeries were often required, particularly after initial urethrotomy or perineal urethrostomy.
- Hyperkalemia and anemia were associated with poorer outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Surgical management of urolithiasis in zoo animals is complex, with outcomes dependent on the chosen procedure and potential complications.
- While some procedures like tube cystostomy showed promise, repeat surgeries were common.
- Identifying and managing metabolic derangements like hyperkalemia is crucial for improving patient prognosis.
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