Peripheral hepatojejunostomy for unresectable malignant biliary obstruction: is it still a valid strategy?

Peripheral hepatojejunostomy (HJ) is rarely performed today but may offer durable internal biliary drainage in patients with hilar or intrahepatic malignancy deemed unresectable at laparotomy. Abandoning resection leaves the question of how best to secure biliary continuity. In this retrospective study, we evaluated whether HJ remains a valid option by detailing indications, technique, and short-term outcomes in patients in whom curative resection was abandoned intraoperatively.

We retrospectively analysed 20 consecutive patients treated at our centre between 2010 and 2024. In all cases, planned curative resection was abandoned intraoperatively, and a HJ was constructed to drain segmental intrahepatic ducts. Data on preoperative biliary interventions, operative technique, perioperative outcomes, and follow-up were collected.

Among 20 patients (median age 71 years, IQR 62-77), 10 (50%) underwent bilateral HJ. There were no intraoperative deaths. Ninety-day mortality was 15%; overall morbidity was 50%, with major complications (Clavien-Dindo ≥ III) in 20%. Median overall survival after HJ was 8 months (IQR 4-20).

Peripheral HJ remains a selective option for internal biliary drainage when curative resection is abandoned intraoperatively. In selected patients, it can provide durable palliation while reducing reliance on long-term external drainage and repeated biliary interventions. This technique may warrant reconsideration in selected contemporary practice settings.