Naringin from Citrus macroptera as a potential lead compound against oxidative liver injury

Naringin, a bioactive flavonoid extracted from Citrus macroptera, was tested for its antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects against oxidative stress caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) through its mechanisms. The structural characterisation was carried out with NMR, FTIR, and mass spectrometry. In vivo experiments in Swiss albino mice showed that naringin had a significant role in restoring antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GR) and decreasing high levels of liver injury (ALT and AST), thus exhibiting hepatoprotection. Molecular docking of 2HCK against tyrosine kinase (PDB ID: 2HCK) showed high binding affinity which is further supported by a 200 ns molecular dynamics simulation. ADMET analysis indicated acceptable predicted pharmacokinetic and toxicity profile. In sum, naringin has potential antioxidant properties that can be used as a possible natural lead molecule in oxidative stress disorders.