Gut Microbiome-Associated Thrombosis: Approaching Validation?

Gut microbiome has emerged as an important modulator of thrombotic disease through complex immunometabolic and interorgan pathways. Microbiome-derived metabolites have been associated with platelet activation, endothelial injury, and adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, evidence remains stronger for arterial than for venous thrombosis, although accumulating data suggest that dysbiosis may represent an important yet underrecognized contributor to the pathogenesis of venous thromboembolism. While current evidence supports a biologically plausible association between the gut microbiome and thrombosis, further studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms and determine their clinical significance.