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Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Robot-assisted Total Mesorectal Excision and Lateral Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection for Locally Advanced Middle-low Rectal Cancer

Robot-assisted Total Mesorectal Excision and Lateral Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection for Locally Advanced Middle-low Rectal Cancer

Published on: February 12, 2022

Update on Rectal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.

Ritu Shah¹, Mayur Virarkar², Nisha Ramani³

¹Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Seminars in Ultrasound, CT, and MR

|July 6, 2026

Summary

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Rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms (R-NENs) are increasingly found. Accurate staging with imaging like MRI and CT is crucial for prognosis and management of these rectal tumors.

Area of Science:

Oncology
Radiology
Gastroenterology

Background:

Rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms (R-NENs) are increasingly diagnosed, often incidentally.
Accurate staging is vital for prognosis and management, focusing on lymph nodes and metastases.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the evolving classification of R-NENs.
To describe CT and MRI findings in R-NENs.
To discuss imaging criteria for guiding management and surveillance.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on R-NEN classification and imaging.
Description of characteristic CT and MRI findings.
Discussion of imaging-based criteria for staging and risk stratification.

Main Results:

Keywords:

imaging management neuroendocrine neoplasms rectal neoplasms rectal neuroendocrine review

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Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Robot-assisted Total Mesorectal Excision and Lateral Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection for Locally Advanced Middle-low Rectal Cancer

Robot-assisted Total Mesorectal Excision and Lateral Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection for Locally Advanced Middle-low Rectal Cancer

Published on: February 12, 2022

Pelvic MRI is superior for assessing rectal tumors, mesorectum, and lymph nodes (≥10 mm, higher grade, or suspected nodal involvement).
CT is essential for systemic staging, detecting hepatic and extra-pelvic metastases.
Imaging guides management, surveillance, and multidisciplinary decision-making.

Conclusions:

Cross-sectional imaging, particularly pelvic MRI and CT, is central to staging R-NENs.
Imaging findings are critical for risk stratification, treatment planning, and surveillance strategies.
An updated review is warranted due to advances in imaging and prognostic systems.