Artificial Intelligence in Musculoskeletal Imaging: Innovations and Clinical Impact in Rheumatology

This article summarizes key advancements of artificial intelligence (AI) for rheumatic and musculoskeletal disease imaging in the diagnosis and classification, and predictive modeling of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, spondyloarthritis, and osteoarthritis since 2020. AI applications are emerging in disease diagnosis, severity classification, and prediction of incidence and progression, with ongoing challenges related to external validation, mitigation of bias, data privacy, transparency, and clinical integration. In the near term, AI could assist clinicians with diagnostic interpretation and disease monitoring. Future applications include improved prognostic modeling and identifying candidates for targeted interventions and clinical trials.