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Bacterial pigments: sources, structure activity relationship, biosynthetic pathway, strain engineering strategies and
Megha Sikder1, Muthusivaramapandian Muthuraj1, Biswanath Bhunia1
1Bioproducts Processing Research Laboratory (BPRL), Department of Bioengineering, National Institute of Technology Agartala, Jirania, Agartala 799046, Tripura, India.
None:
Due to multifaceted applications of microbial pigments, in commercial industries, they are gaining more recognition. Antimicrobial, cytotoxic and anticancer activities of these pigments are being rhapsodized to attain sustainability at an economic and environmental level. Many literature reviews extensively elaborated on compiled applications of one or multiple bacterial strains. Understanding all the significant aspects of varieties of bacterial pigments was somehow missing in those reviews. The review describes the different kinds of pigments that have been isolated from microbial strains and the mechanisms behind their formation in their natural sources. It describes their structures, associates with their functions biologically, and offers information on their uses industrially. With a scrupulous approach, future objectives and neoteric advances in strain engineering listed in the reports from 2019 to 2024, have been detailed. Versatile applications of bacterial pigments in the pharmaceutical, textile, food, and cosmetics industry and the historical evidence behind their discoveries are comprehended in this review. Six major groups of bacterial pigments and around 50-60 bacterial sources of pigments have been comprehended.
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