Negative-Pressure Lung Re-expansion After One-Lung Ventilation for Pulmonary Resection: A Retrospective Study

Area of Science:

• Thoracic Surgery
• Anesthesiology
• Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

• One-lung ventilation (OLV) is crucial for lung resection surgery.
• Lung re-expansion techniques post-OLV require safety evaluation.
• Minimally invasive lung resection is increasingly common.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the safety of negative-pressure lung re-expansion.
• To compare negative-pressure with positive-pressure re-expansion post-OLV for lung resection.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective observational study at a single tertiary care hospital.
• Included patients undergoing minimally invasive lung resection with OLV.
• Compared negative-pressure lung re-expansion (n=242) with conventional positive-pressure re-expansion (n=152).

Main Results:

• No significant differences in early postoperative atelectasis, lung contusion, or pulmonary edema between groups.
• No observed differences in overall or respiratory complications at 30 days.
• Negative-pressure re-expansion demonstrated comparable safety outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Negative-pressure lung re-expansion is a safe alternative.
• It is not associated with increased adverse events compared to positive-pressure methods.
• Supports its use in minimally invasive lung resection.