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Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Formulation of Zinc-Based Nanomaterials using the Eucommia ulmoides Bark Extract and their Wound Healing Potential
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Vegetable Butter-Based Nanocarriers: Do Nanoparticulation and Quercetin Loading Modulate In vitro Cellular Effects

Ana Beatriz Chieco Costa1, Regina Gomes Daré1, Luciana B Lopes2

  • 1Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 1524 Professor Lineu Prestes Avenue, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.

AAPS Pharmscitech
|July 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Shea and cocoa butter nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) enhance skin cell proliferation and wound healing. Quercetin-loaded NLCs provide superior antioxidant protection and improved drug retention in injured skin.

Keywords:
nanostructured lipid carriersquercetintopical drug deliveryvegetable butterswound healing

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology and Nanotechnology
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Wound Healing Research

Background:

  • Chronic skin wounds require advanced topical treatments.
  • Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) offer potential for improved drug delivery.
  • Natural lipids like shea and cocoa butter are explored for wound care applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) based on shea or cocoa butter for chronic wound management.
  • To compare the efficacy of butter-based NLCs against conventional emulsions.
  • To assess the impact of quercetin (QT) incorporation into NLCs for enhanced antioxidant properties.

Main Methods:

  • NLCs were prepared using hot homogenization-sonication and characterized for size, stability, and morphology.
  • In vitro studies on HaCaT keratinocytes assessed cell proliferation and wound repopulation.
  • Antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH assay and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurement.
  • Ex vivo studies on injured porcine skin analyzed quercetin retention and permeation.

Main Results:

  • Both shea and cocoa butter NLCs formed stable, monodisperse nanometric systems (197-240 nm).
  • NLCs significantly enhanced keratinocyte proliferation and wound repopulation compared to emulsions.
  • Quercetin-loaded NLCs improved antioxidant protection, reducing ROS by up to 62%.
  • Shea butter NLCs showed superior performance, including intrinsic antioxidant effects and enhanced quercetin retention in injured skin.

Conclusions:

  • Vegetable butter-based NLCs, especially from shea butter, are a promising platform for wound management.
  • NLCs combine intrinsic lipid bioactivity, nanoscale drug delivery, and skin barrier support.
  • These findings support the development of cost-effective, advanced topical strategies for chronic skin wounds.