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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Structured Motor Rehabilitation After Selective Nerve Transfers
09:34

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Published on: August 15, 2019

Neurophysiological Recovery Following Nerve Transfer Surgery to Restore Upper Limb Function after Cervical Spinal

Kyle J Missen1,2, Justin M Brown3, Ross M Mandeville4

  • 1International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Annals of Neurology
|July 7, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Nerve transfers aid upper limb function recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI). This study establishes benchmark timelines for neurophysiological reinnervation, guiding clinical expectations and future research.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Nerve transfer surgery is a key intervention for restoring upper limb function post-spinal cord injury (SCI).
  • The precise timeline for neurophysiological recovery following these procedures in humans is not well-defined.
  • Understanding recovery timelines is crucial for managing patient expectations and optimizing rehabilitation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define the neurophysiological recovery profiles after nerve transfers aimed at restoring upper limb function in individuals with cervical SCI.
  • To establish benchmark timelines for the detection of reinnervation using needle electromyography.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective evaluation of individuals with traumatic cervical SCI undergoing nerve transfer surgery.
  • Primary outcome: time to detect reinnervation via voluntary motor unit potentials on needle electromyography.
  • Assessment of five specific nerve transfer procedures over a 2-year follow-up period.

Main Results:

  • A total of 44 individuals with cervical SCI were included in the study.
  • Mean times to reinnervation detection ranged from 6.9 months (supinator-posterior interosseous nerve) to 10.4 months (brachialis-anterior interosseous nerve).
  • Reinnervated muscles demonstrated improved motor unit potential maturity and reduced pathological activity over time.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first benchmark timelines for neurophysiological reinnervation after nerve transfers in cervical SCI.
  • These findings are essential for setting realistic clinical expectations and informing rehabilitation planning.
  • The established timelines will aid in the design and interpretation of future interventional studies for SCI recovery.