A Droplet-Microarray Platform for Multiplex Profiling of Breast Cancer Exosome Subtypes in Patients' Blood Plasma...

Area of Science:

• Biomarkers and Diagnostics
• Nanotechnology in Medicine
• Cancer Biology

Background:

• Breast cancer heterogeneity necessitates accurate subtype identification for effective personalized therapy.
• Exosomes are crucial biomarkers for cancer diagnostics due to their role in intercellular communication.
• Current exosome biosensors lack the specificity to differentiate between breast cancer subtypes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop an innovative platform for multiplexed profiling of breast cancer exosome subtypes.
• To enable high-resolution differentiation of luminal A, HER2-positive, and triple-negative breast cancer exosomes.
• To enhance diagnostic accuracy and guide personalized treatment strategies in precision oncology.

Main Methods:

• Development of a droplet-microarray platform integrated with a DNase I-assisted MoS2 FRET aptasensor.
• Targeting of key protein biomarkers HER2, MUC1, and CD44 on exosomes using aptamers.
• Utilizing DNase I-assisted signal amplification for enhanced sensitivity.

Main Results:

• Achieved high-resolution differentiation of breast tumor exosome profiles.
• Demonstrated an impressive limit of detection (LOD) of approximately 10^2 particles/mL.
• Clinical sample application showed excellent predictive accuracy for breast cancer subtype discrimination (AUCs: 0.95 for luminal A, 0.99 for HER2-positive, 0.90 for triple-negative).

Conclusions:

• The developed aptasensor enables precise identification of breast cancer subtypes.
• This advancement significantly improves exosome-based diagnostics for precision oncology.
• The platform holds promise for enhancing diagnostic accuracy and guiding personalized treatment strategies.