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Related Concept Videos

Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration01:27

Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration

Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...
Calmodulin-dependent Signaling01:16

Calmodulin-dependent Signaling

Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
The Ca2+-CaM complex does not have enzymatic activity by itself. Instead, the complex binds downstream target proteins, including membrane proteins or enzymes,...
Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism01:30

Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism

Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
Smooth Muscle Contraction01:25

Smooth Muscle Contraction

Smooth muscle contraction is a complex process vital for various bodily functions, from maintaining blood vessel tension to facilitating the movement of food through the digestive tract. Unlike striated muscles, smooth muscle contraction begins more slowly and lasts longer.
The onset of contraction is triggered by an increase in calcium ions within the sarcoplasm, similar to the process in striated muscle. However, smooth muscles have a relatively smaller reservoir of the sarcoplasmic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Mechanical Stimulation-induced Calcium Wave Propagation in Cell Monolayers: The Example of Bovine Corneal Endothelial Cells
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Mechanical Stimulation-induced Calcium Wave Propagation in Cell Monolayers: The Example of Bovine Corneal Endothelial Cells

Published on: July 16, 2013

Mechanochemically Coupled Multidimensional Modulation of Calcium Overload.

Yating Zhan1, Hao Xing2, Minchao Liu1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Shanghai Wusong Laboratory of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.

ACS Nano
|July 7, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces Janus nanomotors that precisely control calcium ion (Ca2+) levels. This novel approach enhances tumor therapy by inducing calcium overload, leading to cancer cell death.

Keywords:
Janus nanomotorscalcium overloadcancer therapymechanochemical couplingnitric oxide

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Fluorescent Calcium Imaging and Subsequent In Situ Hybridization for Neuronal Precursor Characterization in Xenopus laevis

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Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Mechanical Stimulation-induced Calcium Wave Propagation in Cell Monolayers: The Example of Bovine Corneal Endothelial Cells
10:46

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Fluorescent Calcium Imaging and Subsequent In Situ Hybridization for Neuronal Precursor Characterization in Xenopus laevis
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Published on: February 18, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Cancer Therapy

Background:

  • Disrupting calcium ion (Ca2+) homeostasis is a key strategy in cancer therapy.
  • Current methods face limitations due to complex Ca2+ signaling and single-dimensional modulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a Janus nanomotor platform for multidimensional modulation of Ca2+ overload.
  • To enhance tumor therapy through mechanochemically coupled signaling.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of Janus nanomotors (ACC@SiO2&mPDA-Arg-HA) using anisotropic encapsulation.
  • Utilizing amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) for sustained Ca2+ release.
  • Employing l-arginine (l-Arg) conversion to nitric oxide (NO) for propulsion and signaling.

Main Results:

  • Nanomotors demonstrated NO-driven propulsion, mechanically activating Piezo1 channels for Ca2+ influx.
  • NO triggered ryanodine receptors (RyRs) for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ release.
  • Mechanically and chemically coupled regulation induced persistent Ca2+ overload, causing apoptosis.

Conclusions:

  • The Janus nanomotor platform offers a paradigm for mechanochemical coupling in multidimensional signal modulation.
  • This approach provides a framework for engineering nanomachines to reprogram intracellular signaling in cancer therapy.